Therefore, these elements take on the nonmetallic character of forming anions. Since a metal will be a group of atoms of the same element, the distance of each atom will be the same (Figure 5). As you move across the table from left to right, the metallic character decreases, because the elements easily accept electrons to fill their valance shells. The metallic radius is half of the total distance between the nuclei of two adjacent atoms in a metallic cluster. As chlorine can easily accept an electron as compared to phosphorus and sulphur, the chemical reactivity increases from phosphorus to chlorine. The metallic radius is the radius of an atom joined by metallic bond. Chlorine (Cl) has 7 valence electrons and needs only one more electron to complete its octet. left to right across the period, ranging from metallic to. Sulphur (S) has 6 valence electrons and needs 2 more electrons to complete its octet. Youll be able to explain trends in properties using your knowledge of structure and bonding. Phosphorus (P) has 5 valence electrons and needs 3 electrons to complete its octet. Nonmetallic character relates to the tendency to accept electrons during chemical reactions. Moving further right in the period towards non-metals, the chemical reactivity again gradually increases. Metallic character refers to the level of reactivity of a metal. This is because the number of valence electrons increases, making it difficult to lose electrons. The chemical reactivity gradually decreases as we go to aluminium (Al) and silicon (Si). Metallic character is a set of physical and chemical properties including reactivity. On moving from left to right in a period of the periodic table, the chemical reactivity of the elements first decreases and then increases.įor example, in the third period elements comprising of Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S and Cl, sodium (Na) is very reactive as it has one valence electron, and can therefore, lose its electron easily. o Increases right to left (backwards) across a period.
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